Title: Is cloning the absolute evil?
Authors: G Hottois
Journal: Human Reproduction Update, 4 (6): 787-790
Title: How identical would cloned children be? An understanding essential to the ethical debate
Authors: RG Edwards and HK Beard
Journal: Human Reproduction Update, 4 (6): 791-811
The ban on human cloning in many countries world-wide is founded on an assumption that cloned children will be identical to each other and to their nuclear donor. This paper explores the scientific basis for this assumption, considering both the principles and practice of cloning in animals and comparing genetic and epigenetic variation in potential human clones with that in monozygotic twins.
Keywords: cloning/epigenesis/ethics/human/monozygotic twins
Title: A spare or an individual? Cloning and the implications of monozygotic twinning
Authors: EM Bryan
Journal: Human Reproduction Update, 4 (6): 812-815
The creation of Dolly, the cloned sheep, raises the scenario of cloning in humans. Neither the case for, nor against, the ethics of cloning in humans is discussed in this paper. Instead, it considers the neglected issue of the likely happiness or otherwise of the resulting children if they are born as monozygotic twins or triplets. The advantages and disadvantages of twinship are discussed in detail, and it is concluded that recognized that recognized medical risks, and incompletely understood psychological effects, should be given serious consideration.
Title: Symposium: reference documents on the ethics and laws of human reproduction. Report on cloning by the US bioethics advisory commission: ethical considerations
Authors: National Bioethics Advisory Commission
Journal: Human Reproduction Update, 3 (6): 629-641, 1997