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Take home message
 Very low reproducibility
However :
 Succesfull vitrification without the inclusion of permeable CPAs have been reported by several groups  Vitrification with non penetrating cryoprotectants avoids cryoprotectants toxicity and osmotic stress
 Vitrification with non penetrating cryoprotectants reduces plasmatic and mitochondrial membrane damage and the formation of reactive oxygen species with related DNA damage
VOETTEKST / 39
Take home message
 Sperm recovery and survival rates varied considerably among the studies due to the diversity of techniques and type of the frozen samples
 Safety of sperm vitrification was validated by the reports of live births achieved by IUI and ICSI
 Vitrification of small numbers of spermatozoa remains challenging
 Slow freezing is still the primary recognized method of sperm cryopreservation
VOETTEKST
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