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• 80% of 48 states in sub-Saharan Africa do not provide ART • high prevalence of poverty and low income
• lack of government or insurance scheme funding
• lack of resource allocation to capacity building
• lack of public sector infertility and ART services
• lack of services overall outside large urban areas
• lack of services for people not in heterosexual relationships • lack of patient education
• lack of public awareness
• lack of acceptability of ART
Cardiff Fertility Studies
Non-economic barriers (in HMIC)
Socio-demographic background
 Lower educationhelp-seeking
 Paid work (women)help-seeking
Justified help-seeking
 At risk life stylehelp-seeking
 History of gynaecological problemshelp-seeking
Need for parenthood
 Being nulliparous OR one child & olderhelp-seeking
Moreau, Caroline, et al. "When do involuntarily infertile couples choose to seek medical help?." Fertility and sterility 93.3 (2010): 737-744. Datta, J., et al. "Prevalence of infertility and help seeking among 15 000 women and men." Human Reproduction 31.9 (2016): 2108-2118. OLSEN, JØRN, et al. "Correlates of care seeking for infertility treatment in Europe." The European Journal of Public Health 8.1 (1998): 15-20.
Cardiff Fertility Studies
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