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HIV in Semen
• HIV is carried in the seminal fluid and white blood cells.
• HIV receptors (CD4, CCR5, CXCR4) are not expressed by spermatozoa, hence sperms do not carry HIV.
• A combination of density gradient centrifugation followed by swim-up has been proposed as a way to separate HIV-free, motile spermatozoa from seminal plasma and nonseminal cells, thus preventing infection of female partners.
Ref.1. Stephanie J. Estes, et.al. Use of assisted reproduction in HIV Contd...
& hepatitis – infected couples- Up-to-date Dec.2017 2. Semprini AE. et.al. Lancet 1992; 340: 1317-1319
Duru Shah
Preventing transmission using Washed Semen
• Sperm washing prior to IUI eliminates the round cells, seminal plasma, and the majority of immotile sperm.
• Easy to contaminate a sperm preparation with microscopic quantities of seminal plasma.
• WashedspermtestedbyPCRassaysforthe presence of HIV RNA.
• Less than 1% of washed sperm samples from virally suppressed HIV- infected men test positive
Ref. Stephanie J. Estes, et.al. Use of assisted reproduction Duru Shah in HIV & hepatitis – infected couples- Up-to-date Dec. 2017
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