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Different activation stimuli have been used in human AOA
Mechanical stimuli
Physical stimuli
Chemical stimuli
Vigorous aspiration CaCl2 injection
Electrical pulses
Calcium ionophores Strontium chloride
Sr2+ for human AOA?
Table 1 The responses of human and mouse oocytes following the exposure to Sr2+, 2-APB and carvacrol
Oocytes Activating No. agent
Survived n (%)
10 (100) 8 (89)
7 (78)
19 (95)
14 (70)c
20 (100)c
Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test: a,b,d,eP<0.01, cP<0.05, values with same superscripts differed
significantly. Not applicable (a/n).
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Vanden Meerschaut et al., 2014
Human Sr2+ 10 2-APB 9 Carvacrol 9
1PN
n (%) 0a,b
a/n
2-cell
n (%)
a/n
a/n
a/n
19 (100)d 13 (93)e 1 (5)d,e
Blastocyst n (%)
a/n
a/n
Mouse Sr2+ 20 2-APB 20 Carvacrol 20
5 (63)a 5 (71)b a/n
a/n
a/n
18 (95) 12 (92) 1 (100)
Lu et al., 2018
PRECONGRESS COURSE 11 I BARCELONA, SPAIN – 1 JULY 2018 119