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Strengths
• Testicular sperm have better chromatin integrity
• Testi-ICSI associated with better ART outcomes
Weaknesses
• Limited evidence
• Potential confounders
• Nature of SDF
Opportunities
• Confirmatory evidence
• Identification best candidates • Cost-effectiveness
Threats
• Surgical complications • Health of offspring
Esteves, 35
Esteves, 35
Sperm retrieval complications
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Micro-TESE
TESE TESA
M o d i f i e d f r o m E s Et e s v t e e v s e e s t e a t l a . l 2 . 2 0 0 1 1 8 8
Esteves, 36
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PRECONGRESS COURSE 01 I VIENNA, AUSTRIA – 23 JUNE 2019 123